How it works
Everything begins with an exam and a conversation. Your surgeon looks at the lip you have left, measures how much tissue is missing, and asks what troubles you most. It may be closing your lips, eating, speaking, or how you look. If the lost tissue is linked to cancer, your surgeon works together with your cancer doctor to be sure the area is clear of disease before anything is rebuilt.
Full Lip Reconstruction is usually done under general anesthesia, which means you are fully asleep for the whole operation and feel nothing. For some smaller cases, your surgeon may consider local anesthesia with sedation. The type of anesthesia is chosen based on how much surgery is needed and your own situation.
To rebuild the lip, your surgeon usually borrows healthy tissue from close by, such as the remaining lip, the cheek, or the area around the mouth, and rotates or slides that tissue into the gap. This approach is called a local flap. The skin and muscle keep their own blood supply, so they tend to survive well and match the color of your face. When too much tissue is missing, your surgeon may need to take tissue from a more distant part of your body. Throughout, the goal is to restore the border of the lip, the muscle layer that lets your mouth close, and the moist lining inside.
Depending on the extent of the damage, the rebuilding may be finished in one operation, or it may be split into several stages set weeks to months apart. Your surgeon will go over this plan clearly beforehand, so you understand the path ahead rather than being surprised partway through.